Our wrist and hand perform hundreds of movements daily — from lifting objects to fine finger work. Because of their complex structure of small bones, tendons, ligaments, and nerves, even a minor injury can affect day-to-day life.
Below is a clear, easy-to-understand list of common wrist and hand problems, arranged by anatomical regions.

By Dr. Anupam Khandelwal – Orthopedic & Joint Replacement Surgeon, Indore

🖐️ Wrist Joint Conditions & Fractures

The wrist is a complex joint formed by the radius, ulna, and eight carpal bones. It allows rotation, bending, and grip strength — but is also prone to injury and overuse problems.

Common Diseases / Disorders:

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome – Compression of the median nerve causing numbness and tingling.
De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis – Painful swelling of tendons on the thumb side of wrist.
Ganglion Cyst – Fluid-filled swelling near wrist joints or tendons.
Wrist Arthritis – Degenerative or inflammatory damage to the wrist joints.
TFCC Tear (Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex) – Injury to stabilizing cartilage between radius and ulna.
Kienböck’s Disease – Avascular necrosis (bone death) of the lunate bone.
Wrist Sprain / Ligament Injury – Due to twisting or fall on outstretched hand.

Common Fractures:

Distal Radius Fracture (Colles / Smith Fracture) – Most common wrist fracture after a fall.
Scaphoid Fracture – Pain near thumb base; often missed on X-ray.
Lunate & Triquetral Fracture – Small carpal bone injuries from high impact.
Ulnar Styloid Fracture – Commonly associated with wrist fractures.

🤚 Hand (Palm & Metacarpal) Conditions

The hand’s framework is formed by five metacarpal bones connecting the wrist to the fingers. These bones provide grip and power for daily activities.

Common Diseases / Disorders:

Dupuytren’s Contracture – Thickening of tissue in palm causing fingers to bend inward.
Trigger Finger (Stenosing Tenosynovitis) – Finger locking or snapping due to tendon inflammation.
Palmar Fasciitis / Tendonitis – Pain or stiffness in palm tendons.
Hand Osteoarthritis – Joint stiffness, deformity, and swelling.
Rheumatoid Arthritis (Hand Involvement) – Chronic inflammation causing deformity and weakness.
Nerve Compression Syndromes – Involvement of median or ulnar nerve leading to numbness.

Common Fractures / Injuries:

Metacarpal Neck Fracture (“Boxer’s Fracture”) – Usually affects the little finger.
Metacarpal Shaft Fracture – Direct trauma or crush injury to hand.
Base of 1st Metacarpal Fracture (Bennett / Rolando) – Thumb base fracture requiring fixation.

☝️ Fingers (Phalanges) & Thumb Conditions

Fingers are delicate structures responsible for fine movements. Even small deformities or fractures can severely affect grip and hand function.

Common Diseases / Disorders:

Mallet Finger – Drooping fingertip due to tendon rupture.
Boutonnière Deformity – Bent middle joint with extended fingertip.
Swan Neck Deformity – Hyperextended finger joints seen in rheumatoid arthritis.
Trigger Finger / Thumb – Locking or pain while bending a finger.
Paronychia / Felon – Nail bed or fingertip infection.
Nail Bed Injury / Crush Wound – Common in industrial accidents.
Congenital Finger Deformities – Such as syndactyly (joined fingers) or polydactyly (extra finger).

Common Fractures:

Proximal / Middle / Distal Phalanx Fracture – Common after crush or fall.
Intra-articular Finger Fracture – Involves the joint surface.
Thumb Base Fracture (Bennett / Rolando) – Intra-articular fractures affecting thumb stability.
Dislocation of Finger Joints (PIP / DIP) – Caused by sports or trauma.

💪 Forearm & Hand-Connecting Region

Injuries around the distal forearm and wrist junction often affect both grip and rotation.

Common Conditions:

Distal Radioulnar Joint (DRUJ) Instability – Pain with forearm rotation.
Pronator Syndrome / Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome – Nerve compression near forearm affecting hand.

Fractures:

Radius-Ulna Fracture (Both Bone Forearm) – Severe injury extending toward wrist.
Galeazzi Fracture – Radius fracture with dislocation of wrist joint.

👶 Pediatric & Congenital Hand Disorders

Congenital Trigger Thumb – Common in children; causes thumb locking.
Syndactyly (Webbed Fingers) – Fingers fused together by skin or soft tissue.
Polydactyly (Extra Digit) – Additional finger or thumb since birth.
Congenital Clasped Thumb / Hand Deformities – Due to tendon or joint imbalance.

🏥 When to Consult Dr. Anupam Khandelwal

If you have persistent wrist pain, finger stiffness, swelling, deformity, or weakness in grip, early diagnosis prevents long-term disability.
Dr. Anupam Khandelwal offers advanced keyhole and minimally invasive surgeries for hand and wrist injuries, including laser-assisted and arthroscopic procedures for faster recovery and minimal scars.

📞 Book Appointment: +91-8818814030
🌐 Visit: www.dranupamkhandelwal.com

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